Discussioni:Filosufìa
MANNAGGIA! Nun c'era nun redirect e iu ccumnizai a traduciri u temmini filosofia ra a wikipedia "simple english"...
Astura chiddu ca fici u mintu ccani e puoi cci puortu i cosi novi na voci Filosufìa.
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[cancia la surgenti]U temmini Filosufìa veni ri du paroli ra a lingua grica ca significanu 'amuri ppa a saggezza'. Nta u sicilianu putissi vuliri diri nzaccu ri cosi:
- A manera ri comu dda pissuna penza ro u munnu.
- Nu gruppu ri idee, ca fuorri labborati ri nu filosufu (quarchirunu ca sturiau maneri ri pinzari nto munnu).
- U studiu ri l'idei, piani o pinzeri ri cosi ca sunu astratti (ca significa ca li "cosi nun poni ssiri tuccati").
A Filosufia nta sta rticulu significa nu gruppu ri idei ca fuorri pinzati re i filosufi (pissuni ca fanu pilosufia) ppi nzaccu ri tiempu. Sti idei rrivarru a furmaru nu cuorpu veramenti ranni ri questiona e ri canuscenza. Ci su nzaccu ri differenti tipi ri filosufia. Alcuni ciappiru riggini ri l'Europa e specialmenti ra a Grecia Ntica, mentri autri vienunu ri l'Asia o autri parti ro pianeta.
Ntroduzzioni
[cancia la surgenti]A Filosufia eni lu studiu ro u munnu pinzannnu e addumannanusi questiona. Nun faci parti ra a scienza, picchini nun eni n'osservazzioni re i cosi ro u munnu riali ri comu funzionanu. A filosufia cecca ri arrispunniri a questiona mpottanti comu addumannanusi cosi ra vita riali e ciccannu ri arrispunniri in ginirali "picchini?"
Ci sù cosi n cumuni tra a filosufia, a riliggiuni e a scienza 'nta quarchi manera. Certi voti cerca ri arrispunniri a i stissi quistioni comu a riliggiuni e a scienza. Li filosofi nun si fanu tutti li stissi dumanni. Quarchi runu criri ca nun ci su li risposta pricisi nta a filosufia, ma sulu risposti ca su miegghiu ri l'autri. Autri su macari tanticchia pissimista e ricunu ca "a Filosufia eni dda cosa ca a quali e sinza ra a quali u munnu arresta tali e qquali". A miegghiu manera ppi catigorizzari a Filosufìa eni ri pinzarila comu si si truvassi a mità strada tra a Scienza e a Riliggiuni (o a spiritualità ginirali)
Quarchi runa re i quistioni mportanti ca a filosufì s'addumanna sunu:
- Cchi eni Diu?
- Cchi ssù i cosi belli?
- Diu esisti?
- Lu munnu attonna a niautri esisti?
- Cchi eni na pissuna?
- Cchi eni a viritati?
- Cchi eni u mali?
- Quali eni a rilazzioni tra a memti e u corpu?
Catigurii 'nta a filosufia
[cancia la surgenti]A Filosufìa poni ssiri addivisa 'nta gruppa differenta, abbasannusi sopra i quistiona ca s'addumanna. Cchiù avanti ci su li dumanni e li quistiona addivisi 'nta gruppa. Na lista pussibbili ri risposti a sti quistiona putissi ssiri ciamata 'Filosufìa'. Ci sù nzaccu ri 'filosofa' differenta, picchini tutti sti quistiona anu risposti diffirenti a sicunna re i gghienti diffirenta. Nun tutti i filosofa s'addummannanu i stissi quistiona. P'aesempiu ci su li quistiona ca su addummannati ri i filosofa Eurupei:
Nta metafisica:
A Metafisica alli voti s'addividi nti ontologgìa (a filosufia ra rialtà e ri l'essiri), a filosufìa ra a menti e a filosufìa ra a riliggioni; ma sti sotta catiggurìi su vicini l'uni ccu l'autri.
Ontologgia:
- Cchi eni stu munnu attonnu a niautri? (Cchi eni a rialtà?)
- Ci ssù autri munnu a chiddi ca iu pouzzu sèntiri o virìri?
- Si nuddu viri cca cceni quarchi cosa cca sta succiriennu, significa cca da cosa nun successi? (Ccci voli ppi ffozza nu cirbieddu ppi fari accariri i cosi?)
- Cchi voli sentiri a ddiri cca quarchi ccosa eni pussibbili?
- Esistunu autri munni?
- Is there anything very special about being a human being or being alive at all?
- If not, why do some people think that there is?
- What is space? What is time?
The philosophy of mind:
- What is a mind?
- What is a body?
- What is consciousness?
- Do people make choices, or can they only choose to do one thing? (Do people have free will?)
- What makes words or ideas meaningful? (What is the relation between meaningful words or ideas and the things that they mean?)
The philosophy of religion:
In epistemology:
In ethics:
- What are right and wrong, good and bad?
- Should people do some things and not others?
- What is justice?
In aesthetics:
In logic:
- What do the words we use mean?
- How can we say things (especially ideas) in a way that only has one meaning?
- Can all ideas be expressed using language?
- What is truth?
Is philosophy useful?
[cancia la surgenti]Does philosophy do any good? People do not agree about this.
Some people think that philosophy is harmful, as philosophy encourages free-thinking and often questions the beliefs that others hold.
Some also think that philosophy can be dangerous. Arguments about philosophy can end up with people trying to force each other to do things by law or violence.
Philosophers believe that asking philosophical questions is useful because it brings wisdom and helps people to learn about the world and each other.
What do philosophers do?
[cancia la surgenti]Some philosophers are full-time thinkers (called academics), others are just "hobby" thinkers, relaxing from their usual job, or approach philosophy from another job, for example a monk, an artist or a scientist.
Most philosophers work by asking questions and looking for good definitions (meanings) of words to help them understand what a question means.
Some philosophers say the only thing needed to answer a question is to find out what it means, and that the only thing that makes philosophical questions such as those above difficult is that people do not really know what they mean (for example Ludwig Wittgenstein).
Philosophers will also often use both real and imaginary examples to make a point. For example, they may write about a real or fictional person in order to show what they think a good person or a bad person is like.
Some philosophers look for the simplest way to answer a question and say that is probably the right answer. This is a process called Occam's Razor. Others believe that complicated answers to questions can also be right.
For an example of a philosophical problem, see the God paradox.
Some philosophers
[cancia la surgenti]The Ancient Greek Philosophers
[cancia la surgenti]Later European/Western Philosophers
[cancia la surgenti]- Saint Augustine
- Saint Thomas Aquinas
- Niccolo Machiavelli
- Thomas Hobbes
- René Descartes
- John Locke
- Benedict de Spinoza
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Bishop George Berkeley
- David Hume
- Immanuel Kant
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- Friedrich Engels
- John Stuart Mill
- Søren Kierkegaard
- Karl Marx
- Friedrich Nietzsche
Modern European and American Philosophers
[cancia la surgenti]- Bertrand Russell
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Ayn Rand
- Karl Popper
- Willard Van Orman Quine
- Eugene T. Gendlin
- Noam Chomsky
Asian/Eastern Philosophers
[cancia la surgenti]- Confucius
- Lao Tzu
- Siddhārta Gautama (the Gautama Buddha)
Other websites
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Redirect
[cancia la surgenti]Ci ama mentiri cchiu redirect nta sta nciclopidia... picchi s'arrischia ri fari travagghiari i pissuna ppi nenti...